@inproceedings {INPROC-2007-93,
   author = {Olaf Zimmermann and Thomas Gschwind and Jochen Malte K{\"u}ster and Frank Leymann and Nelly Schuster},
   title = {{Reusable Architectural Decision Models for Enterprise Application Development}},
   booktitle = {Third International Conference on the Quality of Software-Architectures (QoSA 2007)},
   editor = {Sven Overhage and Clemens A. Szyperski and Ralf Reussner and Judith A. Stafford},
   publisher = {Springer},
   institution = {University of Stuttgart, Faculty of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering, and Information Technology, Germany},
   series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
   volume = {4880},
   pages = {15--32},
   type = {Conference Paper},
   month = {July},
   year = {2007},
   isbn = {978-3-540-77617-8},
   doi = {10.1007/978-3-540-77619-2_2},
   keywords = {Architectural decision; architectural knowledge; MDA; SOA},
   language = {English},
   cr-category = {D.2.11 Software Engineering Software Architectures},
   ee = {http://qosa.ipd.uka.de/},
   department = {University of Stuttgart, Institute of Architecture of Application Systems, Architecture of Application Systems},
   abstract = {In enterprise application development and other software construction projects,
      a critical success factor is to make sound architectural decisions. Text
      templates and tool support for capturing architectural decisions exist, but
      have failed to reach broad adoption so far. One of the inhibitors we perceived
      on large-scale industry projects is that architectural decision capturing is
      regarded as a retrospective and therefore unwelcome documentation task which
      does not provide any benefit during the original design work. A major problem
      of such a retrospective approach is that the decision rationale is not
      available to decision makers when they identify, make, and enforce decisions.
      Often a large, possibly distributed, community of decision makers is involved
      in these three steps. In this paper, we propose a new conceptual framework for
      proactive decision identification, decision maker collaboration, and decision
      enforcement. Based on a meta model capturing reuse and collaboration aspects
      explicitly, our framework instantiates decision models from requirements models
      and re usable decision templates. These templates capture know ledge gained on
      other projects em ploy ing the same architectural style. As an exemplary
      application of these concepts to service-oriented architecture shows, reusable
      architectural decision models can speed up the decision identification and
      improve the quality of the decision making. Reusable architectural decision
      models can also simplify the exchange of architecture design rationale within
      and between project teams, and expose decision out come as model transformation
      parameters in model-driven software development.},
   url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INPROC-2007-93&engl=1}
}

@inproceedings {INPROC-2007-91,
   author = {Jussi Vanhatalo and Hagen V{\"o}lzer and Frank Leymann},
   title = {{Faster and More Focused Control-Flow Analysis for Business Process Models Through SESE Decomposition}},
   booktitle = {Service-Oriented Computing – ICSOC 2007},
   editor = {Bernd J. Kr{\"a}mer and Kwei-Jay Lin and Priya Narasimhan},
   publisher = {Springer},
   institution = {University of Stuttgart, Faculty of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering, and Information Technology, Germany},
   series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
   volume = {4749},
   pages = {43--55},
   type = {Conference Paper},
   month = {September},
   year = {2007},
   isbn = {978-3-540-74973-8},
   doi = {10.1007/978-3-540-74974-5_4},
   language = {English},
   cr-category = {F.3.2 Semantics of Programming Languages,
                   F.3.3 Studies of Program Constructs},
   ee = {http://www.icsoc.org/},
   department = {University of Stuttgart, Institute of Architecture of Application Systems, Architecture of Application Systems},
   abstract = {We present a technique to enhance control-flow analysis of business process
      models. The technique considerably speeds up the analysis and improves the
      diagnostic information that is given to the user to fix control-flow errors.
      The technique consists of two parts: Firstly, the process model is decomposed
      into single-entry-single-exit (SESE) fragments, which are usually substantially
      smaller than the original process. This decomposition is done in linear time.
      Secondly, each fragment is analyzed in isolation using a fast heuristic that
      can analyze many of the fragments occurring in practice. Any remaining
      fragments that are not covered by the heuristic can then be analyzed using any
      known complete analysis technique.
      
      We used our technique in a case study with more than 340 real business
      processes modeled with the IBM WebSphere Business Modeler. The results suggest
      that control-flow analysis of many real process models is feasible without
      significant delay (less than a second). Therefore, control-flow analysis could
      be used frequently during editing time, which allows errors to be caught at
      earliest possible time.},
   url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INPROC-2007-91&engl=1}
}

@inproceedings {INPROC-2007-90,
   author = {Stefan Pottinger and Ralph Mietzner and Frank Leymann},
   title = {{Coordinate BPEL Scopes and Processes by Extending the WS-Business Activity Framework}},
   booktitle = {Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Cooperative Information Systems (CoopIS 2007)},
   editor = {Robert Meersman and Zahir Tari},
   publisher = {Springer},
   institution = {University of Stuttgart, Faculty of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering, and Information Technology, Germany},
   series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
   volume = {4803},
   pages = {336--352},
   type = {Conference Paper},
   month = {November},
   year = {2007},
   isbn = {978-3-540-76846-3},
   doi = {10.1007/978-3-540-76848-7_22},
   keywords = {WS-BA; BPEL; coordination; long-running transactions; sub-processes},
   language = {English},
   cr-category = {C.2.4 Distributed Systems,
                   H.2.4 Database Management Systems,
                   H.3.5 Online Information Services,
                   H.4.1 Office Automation},
   department = {University of Stuttgart, Institute of Architecture of Application Systems, Architecture of Application Systems},
   abstract = {In a Web service world, the Web Services Business Process Execution Language
      (WS-BPEL) is the standard used to compose Web services into business processes.
      These processes are often long-running. Therefore WS-BPEL employs a
      long-running transaction model to handle the internal transactions of a WS-BPEL
      process. WS-Business Activity (WS-BA) is a set of mechanisms and protocols to
      coordinate a set of Web Services into a long-running compensation-based
      transaction. Up to now, it was not possible to let parts of a WS-BPEL process
      participate in a WS-BA coordination. We show how WS-BA needs to be extended to
      allow parts of a WS-BPEL process to participate in a WS-BA coordination, which
      is supervised by an external coordinator. In addition our approach allows
      external partners to participate in these modified internal WS-BA transactions
      initiated by a WS-BPEL process and also allows for easy incorporation of BPEL
      sub-processes into the proposed coordination model. The architecture of a
      prototype implementing our approach is sketched.},
   url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INPROC-2007-90&engl=1}
}

@inproceedings {INPROC-2007-69,
   author = {Oliver Kopp and Hanna Eberle and Frank Leymann and Tobias Unger},
   title = {{From Process Models to Business Landscapes}},
   booktitle = {EPK 2007: Gesch{\"a}ftsprozessmanagement mit Ereignisgesteuerten Prozessketten},
   editor = {Markus N{\"u}ttgens and Frank J. Rump Rump and Andreas Gadatsch},
   publisher = {Online},
   institution = {University of Stuttgart, Faculty of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering, and Information Technology, Germany},
   series = {CEUR Workshop Proceedings},
   volume = {303},
   pages = {7--22},
   type = {Workshop Paper},
   month = {December},
   year = {2007},
   keywords = {FMC, EPK, EPC, architecture},
   language = {English},
   cr-category = {H.4.1 Office Automation},
   ee = {http://sunsite.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/Publications/CEUR-WS/Vol-303/},
   contact = {kopp@iaas.uni-stuttgart.de},
   department = {University of Stuttgart, Institute of Architecture of Application Systems, Architecture of Application Systems},
   abstract = {Today, architecture and business processes are modeled separately. The only
      integration in architectural diagrams is done with Petri nets in the
      Fundamental Modeling Concept. Since business users prefer EPCs over Petri nets,
      we show how information of extended EPCs can be transformed into business
      landscapes. This facilitates development of IT landscapes satisfying the
      requirements of the business process and adoption of existing IT
      infrastructures to new requirements.},
   url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INPROC-2007-69&engl=1}
}

@inproceedings {INPROC-2007-60,
   author = {Tammo van Lessen and Branimir Wetzstein and J{\"o}rg Nitzsche and Zhilei Ma and Dimka Karastoyanova and Frank Leymann},
   title = {{Gesch{\"a}ftsprozessmanagement Meets Semantic Web.}},
   booktitle = {Tagungsband Science Meets Business. Stuttgarter Softwaretechnik Forum 2007, Fraunhofer IAO, 23. November 2007.},
   editor = {D. Spath and A. Weisbecker and O. H{\"o}{\ss} and J. (Hrsg.) Drawehn},
   address = {Stuttgart},
   publisher = {Fraunhofer IRB Verlag},
   institution = {University of Stuttgart, Faculty of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering, and Information Technology, Germany},
   pages = {75--83},
   type = {Conference Paper},
   month = {November},
   year = {2007},
   isbn = {3-8167-7493-8},
   keywords = {Semantic Business Process Management},
   language = {German},
   cr-category = {H.4.1 Office Automation},
   department = {University of Stuttgart, Institute of Architecture of Application Systems, Architecture of Application Systems},
   abstract = {23. November 2007
      
      Science Meets Business
      
      Am vierten Tag des Stuttgarter Softwaretechnik Forums geben Experten aus
      Forschung und Wissenschaft Einblick in aktuelle Forschungsarbeiten in den
      Themenbereichen Softwareengineering, Softwaretechnik und Mobile Anwendungen.
      Dadurch k{\"o}nnen die Zuh{\"o}rer interessante Impulse f{\"u}r ihr t{\"a}gliches Business
      sowie einen Ausblick auf zuk{\"u}nftige Trends und Entwicklungen mitnehmen.},
   url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INPROC-2007-60&engl=1}
}

@inproceedings {INPROC-2007-40,
   author = {Rania Khalaf and Oliver Kopp and Frank Leymann},
   title = {{Maintaining Data Dependencies Across BPEL Process Fragments}},
   booktitle = {Service-Oriented Computing - ICSOC 2007},
   editor = {Bernd J. Kr{\"a}mer and Kwei-Jay Lin and Priya Narasimhan},
   publisher = {Springer},
   institution = {University of Stuttgart, Faculty of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering, and Information Technology, Germany},
   series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
   volume = {4749},
   pages = {207--219},
   type = {Conference Paper},
   month = {September},
   year = {2007},
   doi = {10.1007/978-3-540-74974-5_17},
   keywords = {Web services, fragments, business process, BPEL},
   language = {English},
   cr-category = {C.2.4 Distributed Systems,
                   H.3.5 Online Information Services,
                   H.4.1 Office Automation},
   ee = {http://www.ece.cmu.edu/icsoc2007/index.html},
   department = {University of Stuttgart, Institute of Architecture of Application Systems, Architecture of Application Systems},
   abstract = {Continuous process improvement (CPI) may require a BPEL process to be split
      amongst different participants. In this paper, we enable splitting standard
      BPEL - without any extensions or new middleware. We present a solution that
      uses a BPEL process, partition information, and results of data analysis to
      produce a BPEL process for each participant. The collective behavior of these
      participant processes recreates the control and data flow of the non-split
      process. Previous work presented process splitting using a variant of BPEL
      where data flow is modeled explicitly using ‘data links’. We reuse the control
      flow aspect from that work, focusing in this paper on maintaining the data
      dependencies in standard BPEL.},
   url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INPROC-2007-40&engl=1}
}

@inproceedings {INPROC-2007-24,
   author = {J{\"o}rg Nitzsche and Tammo van Lessen and Dimka Karastoyanova and Frank Leymann},
   title = {{BPEL light}},
   booktitle = {Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Business Process Management (BPM 2007)},
   publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
   institution = {University of Stuttgart, Faculty of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering, and Information Technology, Germany},
   series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
   volume = {4714},
   pages = {214--229},
   type = {Conference Paper},
   month = {September},
   year = {2007},
   doi = {10.1007/978-3-540-75183-0_16},
   keywords = {BPEL; BPEL light; WSDL-less BPEL; BPM; Workflow; SOA; Web services; flexibility; reusability},
   language = {English},
   cr-category = {C.2.4 Distributed Systems,
                   D.2.11 Software Engineering Software Architectures,
                   D.2.12 Software Engineering Interoperability,
                   H.4.1 Office Automation},
   contact = {joerg.nitsche@iaas.uni-stuttgart.de and tammo.van.lessen@iaas.uni-stuttgart.de},
   department = {University of Stuttgart, Institute of Architecture of Application Systems, Architecture of Application Systems},
   abstract = {In this paper we present BPEL light which decouples process logic from
      interface definitions. By extending BPEL 2.0 with a WSDL-less interaction
      model, BPEL light allows to specify process models independent of Web service
      technology. Since its interaction model is based on plain message exchange, it
      is completely independent of any interface description language. This fosters
      flexibility and reusability of process models and enables modelling platform
      and component model independent business processes. The presented approach
      takes a significant step towards narrowing down the gap between business level
      and IT level by facilitating a more business-oriented modelling of executable
      processes.},
   url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INPROC-2007-24&engl=1}
}

@inproceedings {INPROC-2007-21,
   author = {Gero Decker and Oliver Kopp and Frank Puhlmann},
   title = {{Service Referrals in BPEL-based Choreographies}},
   booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2nd European Young Researchers Workshop on Service Oriented Computing (YR-SOC 2007)},
   editor = {Stephen Gorton and Monika Solanki and Stephen Reiff-Marganiec},
   address = {Leicester},
   publisher = {University of Leicester},
   institution = {University of Stuttgart, Faculty of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering, and Information Technology, Germany},
   pages = {25--30},
   type = {Workshop Paper},
   month = {June},
   year = {2007},
   keywords = {Choreography; BPEL; BPEL4Chor; Application of Pi-calculus; interaction models; interconnection models; link passing mobility},
   language = {English},
   cr-category = {H.4.1 Office Automation,
                   K.1 The Computer Industry},
   ee = {ftp://ftp.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/pub/library/ncstrl.ustuttgart_fi/INPROC-2007-21/INPROC-2007-21.pdf,
      http://www.cs.le.ac.uk/events/yrsoc2007/},
   contact = {oliver.kopp@iaas.uni-stuttgart.de oder gero.decker@hpi.uni-potsdam.de},
   department = {University of Stuttgart, Institute of Architecture of Application Systems, Architecture of Application Systems},
   abstract = {Choreographies describe the interactions between two or more services from a
      global perspective and specify allowed service conversations. Choreographies
      typically do not rely on static binding, i.e. the participating services are
      not selected at design-time of the choreography. Some services might only be
      selected at runtime and this selection has to be propagated in the case of
      multi-lateral conversations. Hence, the notion of service referrals (also
      called link passing mobility) is recurrent in choreographies. In past work, we
      have proposed BPEL extensions for describing service choreographies, namely
      BPEL4Chor. This paper closely investigates the link passing mobility
      capabilities of BPEL4Chor and illustrates their semantics using Pi-calculus.},
   url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INPROC-2007-21&engl=1}
}

@article {ART-2007-14,
   author = {David Martin and John Domingue and Michael L. Brodie and Frank Leymann},
   title = {{Semantic Web Services, Part 1}},
   journal = {IEEE Intelligent Systems},
   publisher = {IEEE Computer Society},
   volume = {22},
   number = {5},
   pages = {12--17},
   type = {Article in Journal},
   month = {September},
   year = {2007},
   doi = {10.1109/MIS.2007.94},
   language = {English},
   cr-category = {H.4.1 Office Automation},
   department = {University of Stuttgart, Institute of Architecture of Application Systems, Architecture of Application Systems},
   abstract = {Semantic Web services (SWS) has been a vigorous technology research area for
      about six years, producing a great deal of innovative work. This two-part
      installment of Trends \& Controversies discusses what has been accomplished in
      SWS, what value it can ultimately provide, and where we should go from here to
      reap these technologies' benefits.},
   url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=ART-2007-14&engl=1}
}

@article {ART-2007-13,
   author = {Oliver G{\"u}nther and Gerrit Tamm and Frank Leymann},
   title = {{Pricing Web Services}},
   journal = {International Journal Business Process Integration and Management},
   publisher = {Inderscience Publishers},
   volume = {2},
   number = {2},
   pages = {132--140},
   type = {Article in Journal},
   month = {April},
   year = {2007},
   issn = {1741-8771},
   doi = {10.1504/IJBPIM.2007.015137},
   keywords = {web services; pricing; composition; web-based; service-oriented architectures; SOAs},
   language = {English},
   cr-category = {H.4.1 Office Automation,
                   K.1 The Computer Industry},
   ee = {http://dochost.rz.hu-berlin.de/docviews/abstract.php?lang=ger&id=28408,
      http://www.inderscience.com/},
   department = {University of Stuttgart, Institute of Architecture of Application Systems, Architecture of Application Systems},
   abstract = {This paper focuses on the challenges associated with composing and pricing web
      services. We present the results of an online experiment, where subjects were
      confronted with a variety of choices and decisions relating to web service
      markets and service composition. Our analysis shows that people expect the
      price of a composite web service to be lower than the sum of the prices of the
      elementary services, that is, users are not willing to pay for aggregation by a
      third party. To obtain a viable business model for composite web services,
      non-standard pricing mechanisms, such as auctions and negotiations, possibly
      supported by electronic agents, have to be taken into consideration.
      Usage-based pricing schemes, combined with an option to switch to a flat
      subscription, seem most appropriate to penetrate the developing market for web
      services.},
   url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=ART-2007-13&engl=1}
}

@inbook {INBOOK-2007-02,
   author = {Stijn Heymans and Li Ma and Darko Anicic and Zhilei Ma and Nathalie Steinmetz and Yue Pan and Jing Mei and Achille Fokoue and Aditya Kalyanpur and Aaron Kershenbaum and Edith Schonberg and Kavitha Srinivas and Cristina Feier and Graham Hench and Branimir Wetzstein and Uwe Keller},
   title = {{Ontology Reasoning With Large Data Repositories}},
   series = {Ontology Management for the Semantic Web, Semantic Web Services, and Business Applications},
   address = {Berlin, Heidelberg, New York},
   publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
   pages = {89--130},
   type = {Article in Book},
   month = {November},
   year = {2007},
   isbn = {978-0-387-69899-1},
   keywords = {business repository; IRIS; OWL DL; Reasoning with large datasets; Semantic; Business Process Management; WSML DL},
   language = {English},
   cr-category = {D.2.11 Software Engineering Software Architectures},
   ee = {ftp://ftp.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/pub/library/ncstrl.ustuttgart_fi/INBOOK-2007-02/INBOOK-2007-02.pdf},
   department = {University of Stuttgart, Institute of Architecture of Application Systems, Architecture of Application Systems},
   abstract = {Reasoning with large amounts of data together with ontological knowledge is
      becoming a pertinent issue. In this chapter, we will give an overviewof
      well-known ontology repositories, including native stores and database based
      stores, and highlight strengths and limitations of each store. We take Minerva
      as an example to analyze ontology storage in databases in depth, as well as to
      discuss efficient indexes for scaling up ontology repositories. We then discuss
      a scalable reasoning method for handling expressive ontologies, as well as
      summarize other similar approaches. We will subsequently delve into the details
      of one particular ontology language based on Description Logics called WSML-DL
      and show that reasoning with this language can be done by a transformation from
      WSML-DL to OWL DL and support all main DL-specific reasoning tasks. Finally, we
      illustrate reasoning and its relevance by showing a reasoning example in a
      practical business context by presenting the Semantic Business Process
      Repository (SBPR) for systemical management of semantic business process
      models. As part of this, we analyze the main requirements on a such a
      repository. We then compare different approaches for storage mechanisms for
      this purpose and show how a RDBMS in combination with the IRIS inference engine
      provides a suitable solution that deals well with the expressiveness of the
      query language and the required reasoning capabilities even for large amounts
      of instance data.},
   url = {http://www2.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/cgi-bin/NCSTRL/NCSTRL_view.pl?id=INBOOK-2007-02&engl=1}
}